Role of Leadership on employee motivation

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Every organisation requires leadership. Managers can affect the behaviour of the employees through leadership. Effective leadership can develop a motivated employee and it is one of the most important results of leadership. If any manager can influence his employees to achieve the goals of the organisation, we can call him a successful leader. Important part of employee motivation is to help employees to achieve their personal while achieving the organisational goals (Naile and Selesho, 2014).

Leadership

According to Koontz and O’Donnell (1960), “Leadership is the process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly towards the achievement of group goals.”

Studies of leadership commenced from 19th century, and it has been studied in various ways. Hence it has different definitions. But simply we can call that leadership is a skill and the person who possess that skill is leader. Main quality of a leader is the ability to influence the people to achieve common goals.

From time-to-time researches introduced several leadership theories based on the findings. (Khan, Nawaz and Khan, 2016) They are

 

Figure 01


(Phillips and Shawhan, 2020)

In the last decade, evidence gathered that transformational and autocratic leadership are the leadership style which led to achieving high level of organisational and individual performance. (Kark and Van Dijk, 2007). Success of leadership style is based on the characteristics of the follower.

Transformational leaders are known for changing things in major ways by communicating to followers a clear vision of the future by tapping into followers’ highest ideals and motives (Malony, n.d.).

Bass and Riggio (2006) suggested that transformational leadership is popular since it concentrates on intrinsic motivation and follower development, which fits the needs of today’s work groups, who want to be success in uncertain time periods.

Transformational leadership has four elements. They are

Figure 02

 

(Malony, n.d.)

 

Autocratic leaders influence their followers by their authority and power. This leadership style also called as dictatorial leadership. According to E. Canary and D. Mcphee, (2011) Communication is top down, with no prospect of feedback to the leader. It can cause much bitterness and frustration amongst the employees, and it is not very common in today's business world.

Characteristic of autocratic leaders as follows,

Figure 03

 



(D, n.d)

 

Leadership and motivation

Achievement of goals of every organisation is based on employee’s motivation. Leadership starts from initial absorption process of a new employee, and it prevails until employee leaves the organisation. This process is cultivated by the leader, motivating new employees and it highlights, once again, the importance of leadership to an organisation. Leader’s relationship with an employee is one of the most important parts of employee motivation. It creates positive and respectful attitude and employees are more likely to adopt a similar approach (Naile and Selesho, 2014).

In the current work environment, with the millennials or the Generation Y entering the labour force, usage of online platforms and social media has increased drastically. Two-way communication between all levels is expected by this generation. Therefore, it is pertinent that leaders are equipped with sufficient tools and knowledge to cater to the new generation of work force in order to overcome barriers in communication which is an essential part in employee motivation. (Rajesh, 2013)

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